basic commands

  • cd “dirname”→ change directory
  • pwd → print curr dir
  • touch “filename” create file
  • mkdir “dirname”→ create dir
  • rmdir “dirname”→ remove dir (cannot remove a not empty dir)
  • rm -r “dirname”→ recursively remove (can be used to delete a dir that is not empty)
  • rm “filename”→ remove a file
  • man “command”→ manual for a command
  • ls “dirname”→ list (if no dirname lists for pwd)
  • ls -a → list hidden files
ls -alh # a for all files, l for long list, h for human readable
  • ll → long list
  • mv “source_path” “dest_path”→ move a file from source to destination dir, can be used to rename a file incase no destination path is mentioned
  • cat “filename”→ read the content of a file or concat the contents of 2 files together
cat temp2/temp.txt temp2/temp.txt                              
random content...
random content...
  • w or who check user on the system
  • top list system process and info (mem, ports, pid etc)
  • netstat list n/w info (tcp, udp connections, and ports)
  • cp “src_path” “dest_path” copy a file from src → destination
  • ”>>” - use ”>> file path” to write content to the file

more about htop, top and netstat

linux shell

202509230015